We're All Human Here - Writing Antagonists Part 2

It’s impossible to pinpoint what exactly makes a person, well, a person. We can list off features such as their personality, appearance, behavior, movements, ways of thinking, their feelings...and we would barely be scratching the surface. No person can fully understand people, or themselves, in my opinion, which poses a question for writers -- if we don’t understand what makes a person a person, how can we create a fictional one? How do you make a character who readers find realistic and worth rooting for? For a protagonist, the answer seems easy: make them sympathetic, or make them relatable. Make the reader like them. But what about antagonists? As a writer, aren’t you supposed to make the reader furiously wish for the antagonist to meet his or her downfall? Here’s my thought: you can have the reader root for your protagonist, and root against your antagonist, and still make both sympathetic. One of the elements necessary for my above statement to play out, is to have a protagonist to root for, and the other, having a human antagonist. The latter is the focus for the second part of our series. Now that you’ve given your antagonist power to wield, you need to strip them back. So what are some ways you can do that?

#1 -- Give Them a Hurting Core

I have yet to meet a person who has never been hurt by anyone. Every person deals with being hurt, criticism, and pain differently. If it’s not dealt with a healthy way, it can significantly alter a person’s character, belief system, and behavior. How has your antagonist been hurt by others? Finding their reaction, and how they did or didn’t deal with this pain, will tell you much about them and their past. Examples: - Antagonist was discriminated against by a people group, and so rose to a position of power, to discriminate against said people group - Being abandoned by parents led them to believe family is a lie, and seek to destroy other families as a ‘favour’ - Were hurt by others, so feel they have the right to hurt others in return.

#2 - Find the Why

All motivation comes from one of three standpoints -- emotion, logic, or a mix. Personality types can often affect which one the antagonist leans on to explain their actions to themselves. Even is someone says they did something “for no reason”, there is a reason. As a writer, it is your job to find out the why behind your antagonist’s actions. No human is evil simply for the sake of being evil -- there must be some consequence that they enjoy (remember, consequences can be positive as well as negative). Playing into this is values. Actions are done to achieve an end goal, and are often driven by a motivation to achieve something they value -- eg, power, money, love, or family. Examples: - Antagonist desperately wishes for a family, and so kidnaps children - They want revenge on someone who killed their past love - To be able to impress their parents, manages a crime ring so they can buy a mansion, and invite their parents to stay in it

#3 - Give Them a ‘Hesitation Point’

It’s my belief that no person is completely evil or good. We are all a mix, and we may fall more on one side of the scale, but people cannot be completely one thing. Your antagonist can be the cruellest, most terrifying person, but at some point, even for a second, it’s important to show that they’re not a writer’s vending machine for evil actions to anger the protagonist. Even better, give your protagonist a reason to hesitate before, for example, killing the antagonist. Give the reader a reason to hold their breath, and not be sure who they should be rooting for in that moment. Your antagonist too should have something they hesitate to do -- how far will they go to win, and at what point will they stop? They may go far to pursue their goals, but there should be a line that even they won't cross. Examples: - Antagonist has a family that he/she loves, and that depend on him/her - They express regret for their actions - Antagonist explains their hurting core, drawing up sympathy - They won't hesitate to kill adults, but they'll never touch children

There are many ways to make your reader connect on some level to the antagonist, and feel sympathy for them as well as fear. These are just some of them, but I hope this week’s post has given you inspiration on how to turn your antagonist from a solid black cut-out, to a person. After all, we’re all human here.

Let’s chat! Do your antagonists have hurting cores? What kinds of motivation do you like to give your antagonists? How is your writing going?

~~Melissa Gravitis~~

Melissa Gravitis is a Christian teen writer with a Thai heart, Aussie heritage, and international blood. Growing up overseas, she developed a passion for following dreams, and crafting Young Adult stories with vibrant worlds and characters that pop off the page. Though she doesn’t own any pets (yet), she has imaginary friends called Characters that she spends most of her days with. When she’s not with them, she’s jamming to music, or burying herself in books. You can read her thoughts and follow her writing progress on her blog, Quill Pen Writer.